Elementary
Soon, one of those little teeth will get wiggly and a giant, too-big-for-that-little mouth, grown-up tooth will take its place. When the new teeth join, the dentist must pay careful attention to balance with them. A good bite to chew, eat and talk is necessary. When there are signs of your child's teeth coming in crooked, your dentist can refer you to an orthodontist for a full assessment.
Middle school
All of your child's adult teeth should be in by middle school, except for their wisdom teeth, which usually do not arrive until later. Plaque and tartar are the targets for cleaning and your dentist may apply sealants to their molars to prevent decay. Your child is likely to become more and more independent too, and you probably won't help them brush their teeth like you did when they were five.
Make sure they retain the good habits that you helped them to create. Brushing twice a day, eating floss and eating fresh fruits and veggies are just as important now as ever.
High school
Your kid is almost all grown up. Yet to the dentist, they are not too grown up. Furthermore, teenage teeth may face a whole new set of hazards. Be sure that in sports they wear bite guards that have some risk of touch, particularly if they have braces.